Stained-glass illustration in blue glass of a robot and towers at the dawn of the infrastructure singularity

Sector guide 16 of 22 · Version 1.1

Solar Power in Jordan

Sunlight as the first input of an economy that runs on intelligence.

$326m: forward investment in its own projects
18: projects in this guide
7: in or linked to Aqaba

The sector today

Solar Power in Jordan

Jordan has some of the strongest sunlight on earth, with more than 300 sunny days a year across its southern and eastern deserts. In ten years the country went from importing almost all of its energy to producing about a quarter of its electricity from the sun and the wind, and renewables reached 27% of generation by the end of 2024.

Solar did most of that work. Utility-scale plants such as the 200 MW Baynouna project were procured under long-term power purchase agreements, and tens of thousands of homes, schools, factories and farms now run their own panels. The 2025 to 2035 energy strategy, approved in 2026, targets a 40% renewable share of the electricity mix by 2035, with new solar and wind, battery and pumped-storage projects and commercial green hydrogen by 2030.

The next phase is larger. Cheap solar power is becoming the raw material for green ammonia in Aqaba, for desalinated water pumped 450 kilometres to Amman, for data centers and for the factories of a new industrial base. This guide sets out where the sector stands, the projects in the Jordan PPP project register, and the opportunities it opens as infrastructure moves towards the singularity.

27%: Share of Jordan's electricity generated from renewables at the end of 2024, up from under 1% a decade earlier.
40%: Renewable share of the electricity mix targeted by 2035 in the approved national energy strategy.
550 MWp: Dedicated solar farm planned to power Jordan Green Ammonia at the Port of Aqaba, off the national grid.
300+: Sunny days a year across the southern and eastern deserts, where land and irradiation are abundant.

The singularity

Sunlight is the energy of the singularity

The infrastructure singularity is the point where roads, grids, ports and water networks become one connected, intelligent system, built by robotics, run by artificial intelligence and financed by tokenization. Every part of that system runs on electricity, and the cheapest electricity ever produced comes from the sun.

Artificial intelligence: Forecasts sunlight, dispatches batteries and trades power minute by minute, so a grid with far more solar stays stable. AI also designs plant layouts and finds faults across thousands of panels from drone and satellite images.
Robotics: Robots install modules, clean panels with no water and inspect plants at night, cutting the cost of building and running gigawatts in the desert.
Tokenization: A solar plant pays steady revenue for 25 years. Tokenized stakes let Jordanian savers and investors abroad own part of a plant and receive their share of each power payment.
Compute: AI data centers need large amounts of clean, constant power. Solar with storage lets Jordan offer compute powered by sunlight to the region.
Abundance: Electricity that costs almost nothing to produce turns water, fuel, food and materials into products of sunlight and software.

Flagship projects

The projects that lead the sector

Pipeline · Mafraq
Solar Energy Projects (200 MW)
A government programme for 200 MW of new solar capacity on a build-own-operate basis, offered with a 100 MW, four-hour battery system. It is the next utility-scale round under the 2025 to 2035 strategy, and pairing solar with storage shows how the grid will absorb far more sunlight.
Awarded · Port of Aqaba
Jordan Green Ammonia
A US$1 billion plant that will run on a dedicated 550 MWp solar farm with battery storage, off the national grid, to make 100,000 tonnes of green ammonia a year for export. The investment agreement was signed in May 2026, with financial close targeted for September 2027.
Under way
Al-Shams 100 MW Industrial Solar Plant
A 100 MW solar plant built to supply industrial customers, part of the shift in which factories buy clean power directly and cut one of their largest costs.
Under way · Ghor Al-Safi
Arab Potash 30 MWp Solar Plant
Arab Potash Company's solar plant at its works on the Dead Sea, showing how Jordan's largest industrial companies are building solar to power mining and processing.
Delivered · 200 MW
Baynouna Solar Power Plant
Developed by Masdar and Taaleri, in commercial operation since 2020 and formally opened in 2023, Baynouna is one of the largest solar plants in Jordan and a reference for how a utility-scale plant is financed and run under a long-term agreement.

Every project

18 projects in Jordan’s pipeline

Values in US dollars; * estimated where no figure has been published. Rows in grey sit in another sector and connect to this one.

Project	Location	Stage	Value
Solar Energy Projects (200 MW)	Al-Mafraq Governorate	Pipeline	$197m
Al-Shams 100 MW Industrial Solar Plant	Al-Madouna area, Amman	Under way	$99m*
Arab Potash 30 MWp Solar Plant (Ghor Al-Safi)	Ghor Al-Safi	Under way	$30m*
Baynouna Solar Power Plant (200 MW)	East of Amman	Delivered	$260m*
H2 Global Energy Aqaba Green Ammonia (1 Mt/yr)	Aqaba	Pipeline	$6.5bn
Aqaba-Amman Water Desalination & Conveyance Project (AAWDCP)	Aqaba to Amman	Awarded	$5.8bn
Green Ammonia/Hydrogen Plant (United Energy Group, China)	Jordan	Pipeline	$1.2bn
Jordan Green Ammonia (JGA)	Aqaba	Awarded	$1bn
Al Mujib Pumped-Storage Hydropower Dam	Wadi Al-Mujib	Tendering	$650m
Green Hydrogen Common Use Infrastructure (CUI)	Jordan	Pipeline	$300m*
Silica Sand	Southern Jordan: Ras En Naqb	Pipeline	$200m*
Battery Energy Storage System (100 MW / 4-Hour)	Mafraq Governorate	Pipeline	$141m
Next Generation Data Center	No site chosen; candidate locations are	Pipeline	$60m*
Efficient Cooling in Jordanian Schools	Public schools nationwide	Pipeline	$20m*
Zibar Wastewater Project (Olive-Mill Waste-to-Value)	Near Irbid city	Pipeline	$15m*
Solar PV Module Recycling & Reuse	Ajloun	Open opportunity	$10m*
Modern Irrigation Systems & Alternative Energy	Balqa	Open opportunity	$9m*
Zarqa Green Industrial Estate (Phase 1)	Zarqa, about 30 km from Amman	Delivered	$49m

AI, robotics and tokenization

What changes for solar power

Artificial intelligence

For solar power in Jordan, AI turns a fleet of plants and rooftops into one forecastable resource. Models predict output from satellite and weather data, size batteries for each bid and dispatch them against time-of-use tariffs. During development, AI ranks state land by sunlight, grid capacity and slope, and drafts the studies and tender responses that used to take months, so a developer can bid on more projects with the same team.

What can be built

Bid engine. Software that sizes solar and storage, models tariffs and drafts the financial model for each Jordanian tender in days.
Fleet control. One platform that forecasts and dispatches utility plants, rooftops and batteries across the grid as a single virtual power plant.
Fault finder. Computer vision that reads drone and satellite images of thousands of panels and flags soiling, cracks and hot spots.
Site atlas. A national map ranking land for solar by sunlight, slope, grid access and water, open to developers and planners.

Robotics

Desert solar is a natural home for robots. Plants in Ma'an, Mafraq and Aqaba face dust storms and long distances, and water for cleaning is scarce. Waterless cleaning robots, autonomous pile drivers and module-installing machines cut the cost of building and running each megawatt, and drones inspect a whole plant in hours. A Jordanian company that masters these machines at home can operate plants across the region.

What can be built

Waterless cleaning. Robots that brush dust from panels every night without water, keeping output high in desert plants and saving scarce water.
Robotic construction. Autonomous pile drivers and module-mounting machines that build plants faster with smaller crews on remote sites.
Drone inspection. Thermal drones that survey a whole plant in hours and send each fault straight to the maintenance team.
Rooftop installers. Lightweight machines that help install and maintain panels on schools, hospitals and factories in Jordan's cities.

Tokenization

A solar plant with a long power purchase agreement is one of the simplest assets to tokenize, because its revenue is contracted and its output is measured every minute. Tokenized stakes in a plant on a school, a factory or the desert can be sold to Jordanian savers and investors abroad, with each power payment shared automatically and the plant's output published to a registry they can check.

What can be built

Plant tokens. Stakes in operating solar plants, paid monthly from NEPCO or industrial power payments and open to small investors.
Rooftop pools. Hundreds of rooftop systems on public buildings pooled into one tokenized fund, financed by citizens and repaid from savings.
Green certificates. Tokenized renewable energy certificates that let factories and exporters prove each kilowatt-hour came from the sun.
Construction notes. Short tokenized notes that fund a plant during construction and convert into long-term stakes once it runs.

Small PPPs and unsolicited proposals

Small PPPs and research labs

Solar suits small PPPs because a pilot can be built in weeks and measured from the first sunrise. A solar research lab could test three pilots of about $100,000 each: a waterless cleaning robot on a public plant, a solar and battery system for a rural water pumping station, and agrivoltaic panels over a greenhouse in the Jordan Valley. The best results can be bundled into one tender of many sites, each below about US$14.1 million.

How it works

Unsolicited proposals under Article 15

A solar company can bring its own project to government under Article 15 of PPP Law No. 19 of 2023. Ideas include solar and batteries for water pumping stations with large electricity bills, rooftop solar for public hospitals and universities, solar canopies with electric vehicle charging over public car parks, and floating solar on reservoirs. The proposer keeps the right to match the best offer if the project goes to tender.

How it works

New industries

What the sector can create

01Solar fuels for exportGreen hydrogen, ammonia and methanol made in Aqaba from desert sunlight, shipped to Europe and Asia, and used at home for fertilizers and heavy transport.
02Sun-powered computeAI data centers run on solar with storage, selling compute and cloud services to the region from a stable, connected country.
03Solar waterDesalination and pumping powered by solar plants, making water one of the products of sunlight in one of the world's driest countries.
04AgrivoltaicsPanels raised over crops and greenhouses, sharing land between food and power and cutting the water plants need.
05Panel and battery recyclingRecovering glass, silicon, silver and lithium from the first generation of plants as they retire, and feeding them back into new ones.
06Robotic operationsJordanian companies that build, clean and inspect solar plants with robots and AI, and sell those services across the region.

Opportunities

Where partners come in

Utility tenders: Bid in the next rounds of solar and storage procured by the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, alone or in consortiums with lenders and contractors.
Direct proposals: Propose a project under Article 15 of PPP Law No. 19 of 2023, such as solar for public pumping stations, hospitals or schools.
Small-scale PPPs: Regulation No. 9 of 2024 allows small-scale PPPs below about US$14.1 million to be bundled into one tender, which suits solar on many public buildings.
Industrial supply: Supply factories, mines and industrial estates with solar power under long-term contracts, on site or by wheeling across the grid.
Solar-powered industry: Build projects that turn power into products, such as green ammonia, desalinated water and data centers, in Aqaba and the industrial zones.
Investment and ownership: Finance plants through infrastructure funds, development banks and tokenized stakes that open ownership to more investors.

Stained-glass illustration in blue glass of a city of towers under a rising arch

The road to the singularity

2026200 MW of solar and a 100 MW battery offered to investors; green ammonia agreements signed in Aqaba; industry builds its own plants.
2030Renewables pass 30% of generation; storage becomes standard with every new plant; first green ammonia exports from Aqaba.
2035The 40% target is met; solar powers desalination for Amman and a new generation of data centers.
2040AI runs a grid that balances solar, storage and regional trade in real time; robots build and maintain most plants.
2050Sunlight is the main input to Jordan's water, fuel, food and compute, and the country exports solar energy in molecules and data.

The sun gives Jordan the cheapest input of the coming economy. The projects in this guide are the first steps towards a country that turns that light into water, fuel, food and intelligence for the region.

Download the sector guide (PDF)

Guides for organizations

Launch a PPP program of your own

The guides closest to solar power, each showing one kind of organization how to launch a PPP program, with six first steps.

Economic sectors
Energy Developers
Your company launches a PPP program to develop solar, wind, storage, green hydrogen and grid projects as public-private partnerships (PPPs) and to power the water, transport and industrial projects around them.
Read PDF
Economic sectors
Green Economy Companies
Your company launches a PPP program to bring energy efficiency, building retrofits, electric mobility and other climate technologies into public-private partnership (PPP) projects and to finance them from the savings they produce.
Read PDF
Operators and services
Utilities and Operators
Your company launches a PPP operations program to bid for operation and maintenance contracts and full concessions in water, power, transport, ports and waste, run with AI and robotics.
Read PDF
Technology and knowledge
Robotics Companies
Your company launches a PPP program to build, inspect and maintain public-private partnership (PPP) projects with drones, crawlers, construction robots and autonomous machines, and to supply them as a service for the life of each concession.
Read PDF
Capital
Infrastructure Funds
Your fund launches an investment program that takes equity in public-private partnership (PPP) project companies in Jordan and the region, builds a platform for small-scale PPPs and backs the technology that runs them.
Read PDF